Overview
Eddy currents are induced currents in conductors caused by a changing magnetic field, flowing in loops perpendicular to the field. The strength of these currents depends on the magnetic field, loop area, rate of flux change, and material resistivity. According to Lenz’s law, the eddy currents generate a magnetic field that opposes the change that created them. This effect is used in applications like eddy current brakes, which help stop rotating machinery by opposing its motion.

Significance
Important in braking systems, metal detection, and electrical shielding.