Overview
In this experiment, Searle’s method is used to determine the thermal conductivity k of a material, such as a copper bar. The heat transferred through the substance is proportional to the area, temperature gradient, and time. By measuring temperatures at different points on the bar and the amount of heat transferred to a water mass, the thermal conductivity is calculated using the formula:

Where:

• M is the mass of water, ccc is its specific heat,

• D is the diameter of the bar,

• t is the time,

• d is the distance between thermometers,

• θ₁, θ₂, θ₃, θ₄ are the temperature readings.

Significance
This method is crucial in fields like material science, heat exchanger design, and thermal insulation studies. It helps in measuring the heat conductivity of materials through precise temperature measurements and heat transfer analysis.