Overview
The Wheatstone Bridge is a circuit used to precisely measure an unknown electrical resistance by balancing two legs of a bridge circuit. It consists of four resistors arranged

in a diamond shape, with a voltage source and a galvanometer (a device to detect current) connected across the middle. The formula for the Wheatstone Bridge is:

where:

• R₁ and R₂ are the known resistances,

• R₃ is the reference resistance,

• Rz is the unknown resistance.

Significance
The Wheatstone Bridge is used to accurately measure resistances in laboratories and industrial applications. It determines an unknown resistance by balancing the bridge until no current flows through the galvanometer.